Deut. 10 Moses repeats God’s mercies in restoring the two tables, Deut. 10:1–5. Aaron’s death. Eleazar his son officiates in his stead, Deut. 10:6. The tribe of Levi is separated for the priesthood, Deut. 10:8–9. God hearkening to Moses not to destroy them, Deut.

At that time, When God was newly appeased by my intercession. An ark of wood; either a temporary ark for this use, till the other was finished; or the famous ark, as may seem by comparing this with Deut. 10:5.

This following history comes in manifestly by way of parenthesis, as may appear from Deut. 10:10, where he returns to his former discourse; and it seems to be here inserted, either, 1.

Either, 1. From that place, and that either from Mosera, last mentioned, or from Bene-jaakan; for relatives many times in Scripture belong to the remoter antecedent. Or, 2. From that time; for this particle sometimes notes not place, but time, as 2 Kings 2:21, Isa. 65:20.

At that time, about that time, i.e. when I was come down from the mount, as was said Deut. 10:5; for these words manifestly look to that verse, the sixth and seventh verses being put in by way of parenthesis, as was said before.

The Lord is his inheritance, i.e. the Lord’s portion, to wit, tithes and offerings, which belong to God, are given by him to the Levites for their subsistence from generation to generation, as inheritances run.

That they may go in: this shows that God was appeased and reconciled to the people, whom therefore he led forwards towards Canaan.

What doth the Lord thy God require, by way of duty and gratitude to God for such amazing mercies?

The heaven; the airy and starry heaven. The heaven of heavens; the highest or third heaven, 1 Kings 8:27, 2 Cor. 12:2, called the heaven of heavens for its eminency, as the song of songs, king of kings, holy of holies, &c.

He shows that God had no particular reason nor obligation to their fathers any more than to other persons or people, all being equally his creatures, and that his choice of them out of and above all others proceeded only from God’s good pleasure and free love.

Rest not in your bodily circumcision, but seriously set upon that substantial work which is signified and designed thereby: cleanse your hearts from all filthiness and superfluity of naughtiness, which is fitly compared to the foreskin, which if not cut off, made persons profane, unclean, and…

Regardeth not persons, whether Jews or Gentiles, but deals justly and equally with all sorts of men; and as whosoever fears and obeys him shall be accepted of him, so all incorrigible transgressors shall be severely punished, and you no less than other people; therefore do not flatter yourselves as…

Execute the judgment, i.e. plead their cause, and give them right against their more potent adversaries, and therefore he expects you should do so too.

To him shalt thou cleave, with firm confidence, true affection, and constant attendance and obedience.

Thy praise; either, 1. The object and matter of thy praise, as Ex. 15:2, whom thou shouldst ever praise. Or rather, 2. The ground of thy praise, i.e. of thy praise-worthiness; he who makes thee honourable and glorious above those people whose God he is not.