This chapter contains the law of the sin offering, which was offered for sins committed through ignorance, error, and mistake, Lev. 4:1, Lev. 4:2 and gives an account of the matter of them, and the rites belonging thereunto, which were different according to the persons for whom it was made, as for…

And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying. ] Continued to speak to him, or, after some pause made, proceeded to speak to him, and give things in commandment concerning the sin offering, what it should be, and for whom, as follows.

Speak unto the children of Israel, saying For this law concerning the sin offering, as the rest, only belonged to them, and such as were proselyted to them: if a soul should sin through ignorance; sin is from the soul, though committed by the body; it is the soul that sins, it includes, as Aben…

If the priest that is anointed do sin That is, the high priest, as the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan, and the Septuagint version, render it; who in after times was only anointed, though at first Aaron’s sons were anointed with him; so an high priest is described in and such an one was liable to…

And he shall bring the bullock unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation before the Lord As the bullock of the burnt offering; (See Gill on Lev. 1:3): and shall lay his hand on the bullock’s head; the Targum of Jonathan says his right hand; (See Gill on Lev.

And the priest that is anointed shall take of the bullock’s blood Let out and received into a basin; this he did himself, and not another, for he offered for himself, and the blood was to make atonement for him: and bring it to the tabernacle of the congregation; out of the court where the bullock…

And the priest shall dip his finger in the blood The finger of his right hand, as Gersom observes, and so Maimonides [[16]]; for blood was always taken and sprinkled with the right hand, if done with the left it was wrong, according to the Jewish canons [[17]] and though it is only said the priest,…

And the priest shall put some of the blood With his finger, which he dipped into it: upon the horns of the altar of sweet incense before the Lord, which is in the tabernacle of the congregation; this was the golden altar on which incense was offered: it was placed before the vail, on the outside of…

And he shall take off from it all the fat of the bullock for the sin offering When the priest had killed the bullock, and sprinkled and poured the blood, as before commanded; he then cut up the bullock, and took out its inwards, and put them in a vessel, and salted them, and strowed them on the…

(See Gill on Lev. 4:8).

(See Gill on Lev. 4:8).

And the skin of the bullock Not taken off; for the sin offerings that were burnt were not flayed at all, but were cut in pieces with their skins on them [[0]]; in other burnt offerings the skin was taken off, and was a perquisite of the priest, but this being an offering for the priest, the skin…

Even the whole bullock shall he carry forth without the camp The Jewish writers interpret it without the three camps [[1]], the camp of the tabernacle, the camp of the Levites, and the camp of the Israelites; when the temple was built, such sacrifices were carried and burnt without the city of…

And if the whole congregation of Israel sin through ignorance That is, all Israel, or the greatest part of them, as Gersom interprets it, through the ignorant teaching of the judges, who by their instruction cause the people to err, and commit sins of ignorance, as Baal Hatturim on the place…

When the sin which they have sinned against it Any of the commandments of the Lord forbidding such a thing to be done: is known; is made known to them by the priest, or any other, so that they are convinced that what has been done is wrong, though done through ignorance: then the congregation shall…

And the elders of the congregation shall lay their hands upon the head of the bullock before the Lord These must be two at least, some say three, and some say five [[7]]; the more generally received notion is, that they were three of the sanhedrim [[8]]; though the Targum of Jonathan makes them to…

And the priest that is anointed shall bring of the bullock’s blood That is, the chief priest, as the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan explain it: to the tabernacle of the congregation; as he brought the blood of his own bullock, from hence to the an account is given of the same rites to be observed…

And the priest that is anointed shall bring of the bullock’s blood That is, the chief priest, as the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan explain it: to the tabernacle of the congregation; as he brought the blood of his own bullock, from hence to the an account is given of the same rites to be observed…

And the priest that is anointed shall bring of the bullock’s blood That is, the chief priest, as the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan explain it: to the tabernacle of the congregation; as he brought the blood of his own bullock, from hence to the an account is given of the same rites to be observed…

And the priest that is anointed shall bring of the bullock’s blood That is, the chief priest, as the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan explain it: to the tabernacle of the congregation; as he brought the blood of his own bullock, from hence to the an account is given of the same rites to be observed…

And the priest that is anointed shall bring of the bullock’s blood That is, the chief priest, as the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan explain it: to the tabernacle of the congregation; as he brought the blood of his own bullock, from hence to the an account is given of the same rites to be observed…

And the priest that is anointed shall bring of the bullock’s blood That is, the chief priest, as the Targums of Onkelos and Jonathan explain it: to the tabernacle of the congregation; as he brought the blood of his own bullock, from hence to the an account is given of the same rites to be observed…

When a ruler hath sinned Or “prince”, the “nasi”, one that is lifted up above others in honour, power, and authority, or that bears the weight of government: the word comes from one which signifies to lift up, or to bear; it may be understood of a governor of a family, or of a tribe, as Aben Ezra…

Or if his sin wherein he hath sinned come to his knowledge Or rather, “and if his sin”, &c. [[11]] either by means of others informing him of it, or of himself calling to mind what he has done, and considering it to be a transgression of the law: he shall bring his offering, a kid of the goats, a…

And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the goat His right hand, as the Targum of Jonathan; (See Gill on Lev. 1:4) and kill it; not the prince, but the priest after mentioned, or the butcher, as the same Targum: in the place where they hill the burnt offering before the Lord; in the court on the…

And the priest shall take of the blood of the sin offering with his finger With the finger of his right hand, as the Talmudists [[12]] observe, and Gersom on the place; the priest first received the blood into a basin or ministering vessel, and then dipped the finger of his right hand into it, that…

And he shall burn all his fat upon the altar, &e.] Of burnt offering, that is, the priest shall do it: as the fat of the sacrifice of peace offerings; see and the priest shall make an atonement for him as concerning his sin; in a typical way, directing to the great sacrifice of Christ, which is the…

And if anyone of the common people sin through ignorance, &c.] Or, “if one soul of the people of the earth”: that is, a single person, and so is distinguished from the congregation, one of the common sort of people; however is neither an high priest, nor a prince, or king, but either a common…

Or if his sin which he hath sinned come to his knowledge, &c.] So that he is convinced that he has sinned: then he shall bring his offering; to the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, to the priest there: a kid of the goats: a young goat: a female without blemish; and so inferior to the…

And he shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin offering His right hand, as the Targum of Jonathan; not the priest that shall offer it, but the man that has sinned, that brings it, thereby confessing his sin, and transferring it to the sacrifice: and slay the sin offering in the place of the…

And the priest shall take of the blood So that all the preceding actions, the bringing the offering, the putting the hand upon the head of it, and slaying it, were done by the man that sinned; of this and what follows here and in the next verse , (See Gill on Lev. 4:25) (See Gill on Lev. 4:26).

And the priest shall take of the blood So that all the preceding actions, the bringing the offering, the putting the hand upon the head of it, and slaying it, were done by the man that sinned; of this and what follows here and in the next verse , (See Gill on Lev. 4:25) (See Gill on Lev. 4:26).

And if he bring a lamb for a sin offering As he might if he would; the Jews observe, that in all places a lamb is put before a goat, as being more excellent in its kind; but here it is mentioned after, which shows, they say, that they are equally alike [[14]]: he shall bring it a female without…

He shall lay his hand upon the head of the sin offering, &c.] On the head of the lamb, as on the head of the goat, even his right hand, as the above Targum, as before: and slay it for a sin offering, in the place where they kill the burnt offering: for if it was not slain for a sin offering, but…

And the priest shall take of the blood (See Gill on Lev. 4:25) (See Gill on Lev. 4:26).

And the priest shall take of the blood (See Gill on Lev. 4:25) (See Gill on Lev. 4:26).